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Landing

July 19th, 2009 Fred 4 comments

Everyone knows the old one about takeoffs being optional and landings mandatory. Stopping to think about this instantly blew my mind: once that aircraft departs Terra Firma, one way or another, it’s coming back down. Cause and effect, choice and consequence.

Aviation is filled with such stark realities and its language is stocked with phraseology such as “points of no return” and so on. Unless one is suicidal or quite daft, the choices left after departure is a controlled return to earth and that’s where landing tutelage becomes important.

There are as many tips for landing as there are instructors, and some are quite good but alas a lot of them are also quite bad. I don’t like the idea, for example, of what is known as ‘dead stick’ landings to a full stall. Too many pilots of light aircraft deprive themselves of a measure of continuing control by instantly chopping off power over the numbers (or piano keys, as I read somewhere, which sounds way nicer, don’t you think?).

However, that’s a topic for another post. As I have promised at least two people so far, I am going to perform another, perhaps even illegal, duplication of some of the best landing instruction from one of the best writers I have ever read and which I immediately went out and tried. It works in Flight Simulator 2004 and it worked when I still flew Cessna 172s.

Read more…

Categories: Books, Flying Technique Tags:

Never Get Lost

July 2nd, 2009 Fred No comments

nevergetlost Wilhelm Thalller’s Never Get Lost is an ironic tragedy: it is easily one of the best books on electronic navigation I have ever read but also one of the worst.

Thaller’s book was translated from the original German by someone he thanks in the introduction to the book. I laughed because instead, I would suggest a whipping. Hear that, Elisabeth Wagnleitner-Suppin? A sound thrashing.

Technically, the content is inspirational—wonderful illustrations with helpful markings to show how best and quickly to interpret the various instruments; repetition of principles ideas in various different ways that encourages sound understanding and the list goes on. Thaller’s assertion is that he would like for any reading pilots to able to immediately interpret and use the information presented by the instruments in much the same way an EKG is “read” by a doctor: meaning is extracted from seemingly incomprehensible data and the proper action taken.

However, the book is a terrible mishmash of bad grammar (abhorrent spelling, horrendous syntax, etc., etc.) and a near incomprehensible structure. With all these faults, this book is not the easiest to read and in fact, I’d proffer that it’s almost impossible. Almost.

When you can make some meaning out of what you’re reading, a descending clarity results. An “ah, so that’s what that is!” sort of clarity, but the amount of work one has to perform to get to this stage is immense and needlessly so hence the tragedy: for many English speakers, the concentrated amount of work needed to step over those metaphorical ‘road apples’ may deter them from getting to the real prize offered by this book.

In the hands of a more talented translator—preferably one who didn’t use on online language translator as this one seems to have—and a competent editor, this wonderful little book would easily be the best in class I personally have seen (and I’ve seen and read quite a lot). It makes me wish I could read the original German and may just be a good enough reason!

Categories: Books, Instrumentation, Navigation Tags:

GUMPS

June 24th, 2009 Fred 3 comments
Gregory Penglis’ book The Complete Guide to Flight Instruction is one of the best books written about aviation and its training I have ever read. Penglis has a snarky, curmudgeonly style that is fantastic in its dry humor but quite immense knowledge. Reading, you can tell the man came by his knowledge of aviation the hard way.

Here’s his take on the old GUMPS mnemonic:

One might wonder why we still use such a peculiar acronym as “GUMPS” for a final landing check. This is the most bizarre and ludicrous procedure in all of flight training. There you are in a brand new aircraft (to you), with lots of new things to do, going much faster than you are used to flying, coming in for a landing (which is one of the most critical phases of flight), and you are suddenly expected to use new names for the controls as you go groping around the cockpit, when you should be looking out the window and flying the airplane. Does this make sense to anyone, or am I the only one who finds this practice not only strange, but dangerous?

“G” stands for gas. We never gall it gas—we call it fuel. You check the fuel, drain the fuel, check for water in the fuel, and switch tanks with the fuel selector. But on base leg in a high-performance aircraft, it suddenly becomes “gas.” The G could stand for gear. That would make sense as it is often the first control in a power down flow check. No, I’m sorry, the “G” could not stand for gear, that would be logical and consistent. Of course, whenever you do a GUMPS check, the first word out of your mouth is guaranteed to be “gear.”

“U” stands for undercarriage. This just fractures me. Do we all suddenly take out British citizenship when we fly our first base leg in a high-performance aircraft? Honestly, undercarriage? That word is three syllables too long for use on base.

Of course, now being British, we would have to call the fuel (excuse me, gas), “petrol.” I suppose we could change the acronym to PUMPS for consistency. The only places the British have good names are when they describe the prop pitch.

“M” is for mixture. I recognize that word.
”P” is for prop. I recognize that one, too.
”S” is for systems.

Having a lengthy systems check right before landing is nuts because we now know that any pilot who doesn’t want to grope when he should by flying does all that stuff way out on the prelanding check during descent. Besides, after the prop is checked, no one has the time or inclination to go through the systems. Most students just say “systems” to humor the instructor and hope that it covers the check.

You already checked the fuel, so toss out this nasty word “gas” that we never use. “Undercarriage”—be serious. What we have left are the essentials of “mixture” and “propeller.” What about the gear? Following the crazy order of GUMPS sends your hand in a star pattern around the controls just like the published prelanding checks. You could very well forget the gear as you try to pronounce “undercarriage.” If you are that distracted, you could very well not hear the gear warning horn (or is that undercarriage warning horn?), no matter how loud it is. The stuff you land on should always be called gear, period.

Well for all you folks who learned the GUMPS check, we can modify it to Gear, Mixture, and Prop—”GMP.” You can still pronounce it “gump” and keep the familiar sound of you check with familiar names for the controls and use them in a familiar order, without unnecessary groping. Even on airplanes that change the classic positions for the controls a GMP check with hit the biggies.

Anyway, I’m sure students will be taught the GUMPS check for some time because, like child abuse, these things just get passed down the aviation family. There will come a time when logic, initiative, simplicity, and making the system better will triumph over rote memorization, trying to make the best of bad procedures, and training without any conscious thought or responsibility, but we can make it happen. I still think the GUMPS check came to us from some English mole instructor trying to sabotage our flight training system.

The problem with dumping a useless check like GUMPS is that it is so imprinted on so many pilots’ minds that there will be tremendous resistance to change. Pilots and instructors go through such incredible efforts to learn these inadequate and inferior procedures that even if something better comes along, instructors still want students to suffer as they did. It’s like some archaic fraternity ritual. All us new and improved GMP types will conflict with the old GUMPS instructors who will insist their way is preferable, simply because after doing all the work to learn it, they are used to it. When will we stop adapting ourselves to the procedures and start adapting the procedures to ourselves? For the rest of your life when on base and final, say “gear, mixture, prop” and end your groping. If you forget that, then go back to the old power-up/power-down flow checks. Either way, you will get all the important stuff.

Definitely food for thought.

Categories: Books, Flying Technique Tags: ,